The+Spread+of+Chinese+Civilization+,+Japan,+Korea,+and+Vietnam

1)ESPIRIT on Japan

 * E || -Regular tax collection from villages

-Agriculture of soybean products using irrigation systems

-Public works systems such as building rural communities and setting up settlements in unsettled areas

-Trading of items such as silk, hemp, paper dyes, vegetable oils

-Guild organizations with artisans

-greater use of draft animals

-Trade with Korea, and China through sea of Japan, and south China Sea

-Samurai hired for protection or fighting use by emperor, bushi, and daimyos

-Developed a type of feudal society

-New weapons emerged such as pike

-Scented fragrents used on paper

-Buddhist art ||
 * S || -During Heian era class was determined by birth

-Lived in high class palaces with gardens for pleasure seeking and entertainment

-Gossip was spread frequently

-buildings consisted of ,made of unpainted wood, sliding panels, matted floors, wooden walkways

-exterior things developed were usually fish ponds, artificial lakes with waterfalls and fine gardens

-Women were polite and well dressed to woo potential lover or emperor's favor

Women at Heian court were expected to be as poised and cultured as men

-Japanese peasants were reduced in the next centuries to the status of serfs bound to land they worked and treated as property of the local lord

-turned to Buddhism in the form of salvationist pure land sect



-Men and women treated equally with only a few differences (women couldn't be the emperor for example after the case of Empress Koken)

-Small state provincial leaders called bushi, later called daimyos

-Samurai emerged and became wealthy due to frequent hired use by local lords and the imperial court

-Very polite, civil, chilary

-Feudal Structure of soceity

-Aristocrats were able to gain power by entering the imperial court system, and even entering the imperial family through marrige ||
 * P || -A type of monarchy at first with the emperor being the ruler but changed over time

-Attempted to become like China's goverment but after struggles and Chinese fall, plan was disregarded

-As some aristocratic families grew stronger they married into the imperial family to gain power

- Landlords emerge as bush, to rule their small own states even with emperor around

-As the pronvincial rulers gained power, the imperial power declined

-By the 12th century the Taira and Minamoto households were the two strongest households and fought for imperial control

-Eventually feuding over lands and promotion of provincial leaders allowed for Japan to begin it's feudal era of time

-Feudal system adopted the emperor as a mere puppet as the head ||
 * I || -Traded with parts of south east Asia such as China, Vietnam, and Korea

-Civil wars in Japan and even peasantry revoults

-Gempei Wars on Honshu for power

-Political marriges among members of the aristocratic class and imperial family

-Chinese influence on Japan ||
 * R || -Beliefs in spirits called kami prior to Buddhism's arrival.

-Buddhist monasteries develop throughout the region. As time passed zen Buddhism became popular because of its stress on simplicity and discipline had a special appeal to the warrior elite

-Buddhist monks begin to gain power in the impeiral court

-Zen monasteries provided key points of renewed diplomatic and trade contacts with China which helped lead to China's influence on Japan

-salvationist pure land Buddhism appealed to peasants: promise of bliss in heaven for those who lived upright on Earth ||
 * I || -Written language similar to that of spoken Japanese

-Influenced by the Confucian classical stories of China

-Literary works such as Lady Murasaki's "**Tale of the Genji**"

-painting similar to earlier Chinese work of Song dynasty

-Poetry using creative language such as allusions

-adapted some Confucian teachings from China

- ||
 * T || -Irrigation systems for agricultural use such as soybean growing

-New weapons such as pike developed

-Paper along with dyes for it

-Scented fagrents as they used them to make papers smell nice

-Horseback riding capabilities

-Armour for samurais

-Swords developed

-Ships for long distance trade across the sea of Japan and South China Sea

-Fortresses such as Himeji castle

-A type of writing style similar to that of Japanese spoken language ||

2)Summary of Comparison Between Feudalisms
The idea of establishing a feudal government became apparent in multiple societies, where weak central government, politically differed thinkers, and weak bureacractic experience were present. Two such feudal societies : Japan, and western Europe, developed the idea of feudalism due to their monarchs, and aristocratic lords holding a mass control over the peasants of the regions. Both versions of feudalism in Japan and the west had a highly militaristic life. This military life lead to numerous wars, and further continued the regions inability to establish a central government. Due to the continuous wars which occurred involving the warrior class, the peasantry and merchant class depend more on the local leaders for aid an protection from the continuous warfare. The military aura of feudalism endured the feudal era. This aura rendered Japan with serious problems in controlling the samurai class after the worst periods of internal conflict had passed in early 17th century. The West was left with a warrior ethic that revolved around the central idea that government purpose was to conduct war. In Japan, the feudal system lacked contracts to ensure feudal loyalty, and therefore the system of loyalty was just singly dependent on ones loyalty to the lord in question. In the west however, contracts were signed in order to ensure loyalty to the different lords of the region. In Japan, feudalism lacked an institution of a group consciousness, where as in Europe, the feudal lords had parliament, where lords could speak their opinion against the central monarch. Although feudalism seems negative, its aspects did lead to some positive changes in the west. The west soon developed countries, which used military tactics to go and conquer new lands and add them to their control. Imperialism in Britain especially was helped introduce by the feudalistic ideas of warfare. Wars also can be a branch of feudalism in a sense with loyalties/ alliences during battles. The feudalism of Japan can be viewed as more negative, because with the political instability, Japan remained very cut off from the world up until the late 19th century. Arabs and Chinese historians ouldn't obtain feudalistic traits, as although they entered a state of lacking a central control, they still had some levels of extent of power in the region although being self governed. ===

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3)Comparison Japan, Korea, Vietnam
Summary:
 * || Borrowed From China || Unique ||
 * Japan || -Confucianism

 -Bureaucratic system

 -Form of writing

 -Buddhism

 -Chinese protocols for the court

 -Chinese style-temples

 -Rank divisions among aristocrats || -Polite, social type of society

 -Samurai class

 -Feudalism

 -Belief in kami spirits

 -Emperor different from the Chinese

 -Prevented women from become emperor/ empress

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Determining rank by birth

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -bath house social gathering spot

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Practiced seppuku, or suicide to prevent shame to honor in war || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Sedentary farming <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Sinification, type of Chinese culture <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Buddhism: artist and financing <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Chinese writing influenced people to the spoken language of Korea (ill suit of adaption <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Unified law code patterns <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Universities with Confucian ideas and history about China <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Chinese-style bureaucracy. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -The silk monarchies followed after the Tang dynasty for the Korean scholar collected Chinese texts and fashions in court dress and etiquette. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Participated on the tribute system <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Art, learning, manufactured items (with merchants) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -The Sillas rebuilt their capital at Kumsong to look like its Tang counterpart. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Aristocrats studies of the Confucian examination system, most governmental jobs were based on family connection. (Confucian.) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Religious art of Buddhism. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Chinese ideas of the need to mollify local spirits and balance supernatural forces. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Techniques of porcelain manufacture. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Wood block and move able metal-type printing || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-Pottery learned to to glaze their celadon bowls and vases. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Pioneered the making of black- and rust-colored stoneware, oxide glaze. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Long register, where honey would be used to temporarily and disassemble. (Not that great). <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -They were a great focus on aristocrats, they were the ones controlling manufacturing and commerce. All people socially low than them were to serve them. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -There was an express for difference in culture, cuisine, and social class || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Irrigation technology <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -cropping techniques <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -military organization and political <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -extended family model. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -attended Chinese schools <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -wrote in Chinese script <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -took exams to qualify for posts <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -six main ministries <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -bureau of censors to keep graft and -corruption in check <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Chinese cropping techniques and -irrigation <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -extended family model <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Chinese-style palaces <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Buddhism || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-Traded ivory, peacock feathers, tortoise shells, pearls, aromatic woods, and othere exotic products drawn form nature for Chinese silks
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Korea || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-(Choson was an earliest Korean kingdom conquered by Empress Wu/colonized by the Chinese.) It influenced.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Vietnam || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-Bureaucracy

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -intermarried with Mon-Khmer- and Tai-speaking peoples

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -language differed from that of Chinese

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -village autonomy

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -physically symbolized by bamboo hedges

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -nuclear family

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -extended household

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -women had more freedom and influence in family and society

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -different ways of dress

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -Vietnamese writings expressed self-doubt and hatred towards Chinese dominance

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -officals identified themselves with peasants rather than court and high administrators <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> limited power of scholar- bureaucrats

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> -French and Roman Catholic influence || Summary: China influenced Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, i several ways. Chinese bureacracy, led to a establishment in Japan, which led to the development of a bureacratic system. The Japanese also began to create a new system of writing which was similar to Chinese language, which led to Japan developing its ow language. Buddhism also made its way into Japan. As time progressed, Japan began to develop its own form of government, feudalism. Korea was also influenced by China. China's agricultural irrigation aided the surplus of the food supply. Buddhism like in Japan, also arrived in Korea from China. Koreans also adopted the Chinese style of clothing and also made advancements in art. Eventually, Korea developed its own cultural with social system, cuisine, and style of dress. The Vietnamese adopted a bureacray and irrigation system both from China. The idea of taking a test to qualify for a possesion of power was also brought over to Vietnam from China. Buddhism like the other locations also adopted Buddhism from China. They also established schools of Chinese decsent to help educate their people. The Vietnamese however stayed different, as they developed their own language which differed from the Chinese language. The Viets also loathed the Chinese in their writtings. Unlike the Chinese who tried giving their scholar's high power, the viets avoided giving this class much power.