Abbasid+Decline+and+the+Spread+of+Islamic+Civilization+to+South+and+Southeast+Asia

1) ESPIRIT CHART ABBASID EMPIRE

 * E || -Heavily taxed people, especially the peasant class

-**Dhows**, small ships for sailing traded with people along the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and other near by bodies of water -Sold items such as jewelery, glassware, tapestries

-Large amounts of money was spent on developing cities

-Money was donated to business's such as hospitals

-Artisans developed guld like organizations to negotiate wages or personal crisis

-Unskilled labor was left to be done by slaves

-Slaves could buy their freedom if the were able to rise in power ||
 * S || - Slaves could be of higher rank than average citizens if they were intelligent enough to climb the social lader

-The role of women began to decline, and they became more instructed to stay in the house

-Women such as the wives of the caliph were restricted to specific areas of the royal palace

-Slave women often had more rights than pure bread women

-The legal age for women to be married at, was the age of 9

-Women were to server the household and their husbands

-Slaves were some times even more intelligent than an average individual and this played to their likeness

-Female slaves were desired for their beauty and intelligence

-Some of the best educated people of the empire were in fact slaves ||
 * P || - The struggle over caliph succession became clear in the 9th century

-A caliph **Harun al-Rashid** sought guidance from Persian advisors

-**Caliphs** soon became pawns in the struggle for power over members of the court

-One caliph promoted a bodyguard force of 4,000 slaves, who turned on him and murdered him

-Mercenary forces ended up beginning to poison and assassinate multiple caliphs

-Soon the leaders of the mercenary forces were the true people in power

-The Christian crusades weakened parts of the Islamic empire

-The sultan was a position of power ||
 * I || - Spread religion to areas of Africa, parts of Europe, and as west as India's borders

-Negotiated with the Greeks about ideas in the Qur'an

-Persian people interacted and became advisors to members of the court and the caliph himself

-**Buyids** captured the city of Bagdahd

-The **Seljuk Turks** military leaders recaptured the Abbasid empire in the name of caliphs

-**Seljuk Turks** exterminated Shi'a Islamics from the empire

-Shi'a dynasty centured in Egypt fought back agains the Turks

-The Byzantine's tried to recapture land that had been lost to the Islamic forces

-Fought Christian knights during the **Crusades**, or fight for the biblical holy land

-The Mongols fought and captured areas of the Islamic empire in Asia ||
 * R || -**Dhows** allowed for Islam to travel with the merchants, across the seas that stopped the control of the Islamic Empire.

- The separation of Islamic people basec on being Sunni and Shi'a was a constant struggle

-**Ulamas** grew suspicious of and even hostile towards non-Islamic people

-Greek Christians disagreed with the Qur'an authority

-**Al-Ghazali** a Islamic theologian tried to fuse Greek and Qur'an traditions to appeal to both peoples

-**Sufis** tried to travel and seeked a personal union with Allah

-Sufis connected with Allah through meditation, drugs, dance, and even song

-The **Crusades** were a war fought to control the biblical holy land (area like Jerusolum)

-Holy wars

-Converstion attempts on conqured peoples ||
 * I || -Corrections made in the math field, presumably algebra and geometric theories

<span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Developed the geometric theories of Sine, cosine, and tangent

<span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Chemistry developments as classifying material into three catagories : animal, vegatable, and mineral

<span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Made maps of the stars and tables for them as well

<span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Advancements is trigonometry <span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Muslims hospitals like ones in Cairo, Egypt, were said to be the best in the world. doctors needed to <span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">take regular courses and study than pass a formal examination before being allowed to perform practice <span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">on patients <span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Founded techniques in making paper, silk weaving, and ceramic firing

<span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Created some of the best "modern" maps of Europe and China, that other nations such as Portugal desired <span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">for their greatness.

<span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-When the Persians began to become caliphs, the Persian language soon developed as the major language of the empire <span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Arabic still remained the language of religion, law, and natural science

<span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Epic poems such as **Shah-Nama**(Book of Kings) which defines the history of Persia up to the Islamic conquest in dramatic details <span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">with fights and battles

<span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Wrote stories about doomed love affairs, everyday life, mystical striving ||
 * <span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">T || <span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Weapons such as bows, arrows, damascene swords

<span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Windmills and water pumps

<span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Irrigation systems in the lands were the Tigres and Euphrates river stood (Mesopotamia)

<span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">Paper made using paper making techniques

<span style="color: #000000; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 1; text-indent: 0pt;">-Silk weaved together ||