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Summary on Islam in Sub Saharan Africa During the spread of Islam, it eventually made its way into the sub-Saharan section of Africa. The people of sub-Saharan Africa, lived in the area surrounding the Niger River, the people lived in this area, due to the rivers ability to sustain life for themselves. The people of sub-Saharan Africa traded continuously with the people of North Africa. The trade routes connecting North Africa, and sub-Saharan Africa, were using the Atlantic Ocean via ship, or traveling through the Sahara desert on a camel. No matter how the people traded, they still exchanged with one another. Around 12th century C.E however, the people of the north began to bring something with them as they trade with the sub-Saharan people. The constant trade of goods such as salt, gold, dates with the north brought Islam in to the sub-Saharan area. Islam arrived in the state of Ghanna first. Ghanna which was settled near the Niger River, trade with other ships along the banks of the river. Other nations that lay along the river such as Songhay, and Mali came into direct contact with the people of Ghanna, as they all traded with one another on the Niger. Cities such as Timbuktu along the Niger dominated the trade aspect of this area. IT was through trade in cities such as Timbuktu, that the people of the area were able to exchange the religions and cultures they had. Islam spread across sub-Saharan Africa this way. From being brought to Ghanna from the north, it began to spread out across the sub-Saharan area as people began to trade more and more. By 15th century C.E, Islam had made its way into all of sub-Saharan Africa, and it was a major religion being used by the people of the area.

Summary on Islam in South East Asia During the spread of Islam, it eventually made its way into the south eastern part of Asia. Islam arrived in this region through the large amount of trade that occurred between the people of Indonesia and India. Ports on the Malayan peninsula, close to east Sumatra, were areas where trade began to occur and gradually bring Islam to the region. The region was a trading region, as ships from Rome and other sections of the world sailed towards India, and parts of China in order to exchange, sell, and buy goods. As Muslims slowly began to take control over India, they began to gain more of an influence in the region of south East Asia. After the fall of the Shrivijaya Empire, this centered on the straight of Malacca, which was between Sumatra, and Malaya. After the fall of this empire, Muslims from India began to be allowed to trade in sections, where the empire had previously controlled. These Muslims soon dominated the ports of these cities and began to spread Islam with them, as they dominated. The central trading cities of Malacca played a key role in Islam’s spread. Malacca, was located along the coast of Malaya, and with Islam dominating this city, Islam began to spread along the coast of Malaya and towards the east, towards Sumatra. It also made its way to Demak, which was another powerful trading city in the region. Demak was on the north coast of Java, and from this one city, Islam spread across Javanese ports. After a long struggle with the Buddhist and Hindus of the region, Islam began to take its role in the societies of the area. From arriving in the Sumatra area, to spreading central trading cities. Trade influenced and was the pressed reason as to why Islam was able to make its way across East Asia in an efficient way without conflict.

The Inca and Aztecs differed in economics as the Inca’s believed in a strong solitude of their economy from the world, while the Aztecs did the opposite and expanded it. However the Inca’s and Aztecs also made a heavy input on their economies through paid tributes from the people they captured in war, as well as being dependant on agriculture. Their social structures differed as the Aztecs gave women a defined job unequal to men, where the Inca made women equal to men. They both however developed a middle class. The economics of the Aztecs and Incas differed in multiple ways but also shared some similarities. The economics of the Aztecs was one which was influenced by trade. Markets were held in Aztec cities every five to thirteen days, in order to develop a way for people to buy/sell/ exchange goods. For this reason also there was a merchant class as well. This class called the pochtecas, specialized in long distant trade, which exchanged goods such as tropical birds or fruits like plums. This differed from the Inca way of economics. The Inca strongly believed in a belief of self sufficiency, and for that reason they kept themselves isolated and rarely traded with the outside world. The Aztecs and Incas however had similar economic systems as well. Both the Aztecs and Incas demanded that the people they captured needed to pay tribute and in some cases perform labor. This tribute was then taken by the government and redistributed to their cities. Both the Aztecs and Incas relied heavily on agriculture for their economies to flourish. The Aztecs for example developed a system of irrigation using small islands called chinampas. The Incas also developed a system of irrigation to help them grow food such as potatoes. The social systems in the Aztec and Inca societies differed and were similar in multiple ways. The gender roles of men and women differed in the Aztec and Inca worlds. The Aztecs gave women equal rights to men; however they were given a defined job as housewives to care to the home and weave things. The Incas however gave women equal rights of men and equal status, as they had no defined job in the empire. The Aztecs also had a merchant class called the pochteca, to attend to long distance trade. The Incas however lacked a merchant class in their social structure to their belief of inner dependence. Both the Aztecs and Incas had a social class consisting of servants, artisans and workers. In the Aztecs, this was identified as the middle class. The Incas also had this class, only that they were called the yanas. Over all the Aztec and the Incas shared multiple similarities and differences when it came to their economic and social lives. The Aztecs promoted trade with the world and for that reason developed a merchant class for its society. The Inca on the other hand choose to believe in a sense of self sufficiency and denied trade, preventing a merchant class from forming. Both however depended heavily on their irrigated systems to grow crops which sustained their economy. When it came to their social system, men and women were given different roles in their societies. The Aztecs choose to give women a housewife role to take care of the home and weave things, while the Incas gave women equal status to men and they were given no defined job. The both however choose to have a middle class, as the Aztecs had the middle class, and the Inca had the yanas.

Kevin Schlegel Period 2 12/29/10 Dinner Party Skit Vacation Work People Appearing 1. John Locke 2. Mary Wollstonecraft 3. Isaac Newton Topic of Discussion: The state of high school education in America today Mary: Well now that seems to be everything. I hope that Isaac and John hurry along, I’ve missed their company. John and Isaac: *DING DONG*, Hello Mary it’s us! Mary: *Rushes to the door to answer it* Oh hello friends, I’ve already set everything up in the study this way. *Mary leads them to the study where each of them sits on one of the three couches in the room” Isaac: Amazing Mary, I see you still have an amazing study. I mean these books are fantastic! John: I see you made tea, how delicious! Mary: Oh why thank you John, I see I still make the best tea! Isaac: Amazing, truly amazing this collection of books is. I say Mary how is your great great great great great great granddaughter doing in high school? After all if she has access to a library of books such as this I hope she is enjoying and doing well in her studies. Mary: Oh well she’s doing well. The school she is attending really has allowed her to achieve a great education. I mean if she was me when I was her age do you know how much she would miss? I didn’t get to go to school, I mean I snuck books from my father and had to teach myself to read! It was a terrible way to live. But now it’s so great. John: Well that’s good to hear. Has she had any other issues though at school maybe boys perhaps? Mary: Well she hasn’t had any boy issues, but I know her friend got pressured into having sex with her boyfriend, and unfortunately she did get pregnant. And well you guys know how troublesome a baby can be. Unfortunately she told me her friend had to drop out because of the stress, and now she can’t really get a great job Isaac: Well that’s too bad, but I heard from one of my great great great great great great great grandkids, that schools now are offering health classes to teach them how to prevent incidents such as these. Mary: Unfortunately her school doesn’t have one, so I’m afraid they’re neglected to having an understanding of their own well beings on such matters. To make things worse her school is a catholic school and they think they can imply their beliefs into the kid’s minds. John: Well as I said people learn on their own, and religion is in fact irrelevant. Take her friend, her religion may have implied a rule of no sex, but do you think everyone is so following of such rules? No. And the only way someone will learn is if they learn it themselves. Not to mention now that she has experienced this and others have seen it happen to her I’m sure she or her classmates would do it again. Isaac: So how does she like her science classes? Mary: Well she dropped her science class; they only required her to take three years of it. Isaac: WHAT!!!!!!! How could she learn without out science, that’s preposterous? What sciences did she take Mary? Mary: Well to my knowledge she took chemistry, biology, and um, I think marine biology. Isaac: WHAT!!! Where is the physics? I was the founder of modern day physics, and I for one know that people need physics in order to make it through life. How could she not take it what is her reason? Mary: Well um her school only offered it AP, and well you know how challenging those classes can be. She just didn’t feel ready. John: Mary why didn’t she at least try the class? I’m sure she could handle it. Mary: She was just nervous that by taking such a hard course, she would be unable to succeed in her other areas of study. And you know how important college is she gets stressed by the idea of not getting accepted. Isaac: Is she at least taking any good classes? Mary: Well she taking calculus and an English class, but other than that I’m not sure about her other classes. Isaac: How does she enjoy calculus? I know I loved that field, I bet she does too. Mary: well she actually doesn’t like it. You see her high school has been having budget problems so she got a bad teacher that the school could afford. Not to mention the calculus books they’re using are old ripped, and barley has any insight into the topic. Isaac: Oh so the economy is affecting how good she can study her subjects? Mary: Unfortunately yes. You see she says it’s been going so far downhill, that the school can barely make a good lunch, and they had to refund the lunch system after an exploit done on the food being served. Isaac: Was it bad? Mary: Well the system said the food was making people obese, and this made the school system refill and edit all food areas with healthy foods selected by the government. Not to mention budget cuts have affected reasonable teachers and books being brought to the school. John: Is she having any issues with other students? Mary: Well I know that she had some trouble with this girl who had been harassing her. But I don’t think it has gotten too severe, I mean she hasn’t really done anything to her.
 * Stage lights light down to create a nightlife type of settling, flash over to a small house in England. Inside the house a women is making tea and some small crackers for guests. She takes out her baked goods and carries them along with her pot of tea and tea cups into a small study like room. She sets the goods and tea supplies out onto the small table in the center of the room. *
 * Outside two men are at the front door and knock on the door as well as proceed to ring the door bell*

John: But didn’t a girl recently commit suicide due to bullying are you not worried? Mary: Well now that you mention it I am a little worried. I know I was told once that she had come home crying because this girl followed her through the halls and: knocked over her books, shoved her into a locker, and even made fun of her. She called her a whor** the last time I heard. It made her extremely upset. John: Have any of the teachers done anything to the trouble maker? Mary: Well no they haven’t. I’ve been told that they either aren’t paying attention and don’t stop it from happening, or they ignore it when they see it. One teacher I know even allowed this girl to continue the harassment. Isaac: I hope she gets help from these girls. Mary: That’s not even the worse part. One of her friends brought pot to school and pressured her into smocking it in the girl’s bathroom. She is extremely lucky she didn’t get caught. John: Well peer pressure is one of the issues effecting schools. Mary: Well attendance is also a growing concern. It seems that some kids are not attending school on time, or even at all. Some are dropping out of school, thinking itll make their lfie easier. Isaac: Those foolish children, do they not realize that without high school they don’t get an education? With no education their lives are ruined. They won’t make money or become important in life. I mean look at me, I was smart because I got educated, and became a brilliant mind. John: Well I think they don’t understand how lucky they are. Mary: I’ll say you know in my day John, that I didn’t receive an education even for free. I barly had any rights. These kids don’t realize how lucky they are. Isaac: Do you know what the passing requirement is for schools? Mary: I believe it’s a 60, which is a D. Isaac: That’s rubbish. They should make it a 70, kids need to be well educated. If the kids who want to get the lowest passing grade possible have to get a 70, than they’ll be bound to succeed at a higher level, not stump to the lowest possible even if its low. John: Well you know how some people are Isaac, they learn what they must and than stop when they sense it’s enough to get them by. Mary: Well I know it’s an issue but I think a 60 is fine. I mean at least they’re attempting to get an education Isaac: I still think they should try harder. Well I hope she still does a good job in school. John: I’m sure she will Isaac, I mean the economy may get better so she’ll get better books and teachers. Not to mention if she gets stronger shell stand up to bullies and her friends. And if there is more money they made add extra classes and even make kids take more classes even challenging ones. Mary: Oh I hope so I wish her the best for when she gets to collage, she’ll have so much fun I know I would’ve. Isaac: Well can we now just enjoy this tea and food I’m in dire need to talk about my life. Mary: But Isaac your dead it doesn’t change? Isaac: I’m still always in motion however now shall we begin! John: Lets do! Recap of issues mention: Teen pregnancy, classes not offered at schools, students not wanting to achieve to highest potential, a limit on classes needed/ years take of a class, budget cuts affecting quality of good books and teachers, bullying, peer preassure, and low grading potential
 * The scene begins to fade away as the three get a cup of tea and some snacks to eat. They begin s to whisper about science and other topics, the curtain begins to close and lights dim*